The Relationship Between Hormone Replacement Therapy and Risk ofKidney Cancer in Women: A Meta-Analysis

摘要

Results from the epidemiologic studies on the relationship between hormonereplacement therapy (HRT) and the risk of kidney cancer in women were notcompletely consistent. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the relationshipbetween HRT and risk of kidney cancer in women. We performed a meta-analysis ofobservational studies to assess this association. The PubMed and Embasedatabases were searched from their inception to January 29, 2020, to identifyrelevant studies that fit the pre-stated inclusion criteria; reference listsfrom the retrieved articles were also been reviewed. Relative risks (RRs) withcorresponding 95% CIs were extracted and combined using random effects models.Furthermore, dose–response, sensitivity analyses, publication bias, and subgroupanalysis by study design, regional location, and exposure assessment method wereconducted. Thirteen articles involving 6 cohort studies and 8 case–controlstudies were included in our meta-analysis. Overall, 4194 women were diagnosedwith kidney cancer among 648 107 participants. The pooled RR for kidney cancerwas 1.08 (95% CI: 0.96-1.22) in those who were administered HRT compared tothose who had not. Subgroup analysis indicated the overall result was notinfluenced by study type, regional location, or adjusted variables.Dose–response analysis showed a nonlinear relationship between HRT and kidneycancer (P = .0021) and the risk of kidney cancer decreased by15% to 28% with 12 to 18 years of HRT use. No evidence of publication bias wasfound (P for Egger =.111). Our meta-analysis showed that HRTuse is inversely associated with kidney cancer risk in a dose–dependentfashion.