Prevalence and clinical significance of subsyndromal manic symptoms including irritability and psychomotor agitation during bipolar major depressive episodes

摘要

BackgroundThere is increasing evidence that subsyndromal manic symptoms occur frequently during bipolar major depressive episodes (MDEs) and may be a subtle form of ‘depressive mixed state.’ This paper examines the prevalence and clinical characteristics of MDEs with subsyndromal manic symptoms. The specific effects of overt irritability and psychomotor agitation are examined.