The Role of Dopamine in Reinforcement: Changes in Reinforcement Sensitivity Induced by D1-type D2-type and Nonselective Dopamine Receptor Agonists

摘要

Dose-dependent changes in sensitivity to reinforcement were found when rats were treated with low, moderate, and high doses of the partial dopamine D1-type receptor agonist and with the nonselective dopamine agonist apomorphine, but did not change when rats were treated with similar doses of the selective dopamine D2-type receptor agonist quinpirole. Estimates of bias did not differ significantly across exposure to or quinpirole, but did change significantly at the high dose of apomorphine. Estimates of goodness of fit (r²) did not change significantly during quinpirole exposure. Poor goodness of fit was obtained for the high doses of and apomorphine. Decrements in absolute rates of responding were observed at the high dose of quinpirole and at the moderate and high doses of and apomorphine. Changes in r² and absolute responding may be due to increases in stereotyped behavior during and apomorphine exposure that, in contrast to quinpirole, were distant from the response lever. The present data provide evidence that sensitivity to reward is affected more strongly by dopamine D1-like receptors rather than D2-like receptors, consistent with evidence from other studies investigating consummatory dopamine behavior and the tonic/phasic dopamine hypothesis.