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Recent near-Earth supernovae probed by global deposition of interstellar radioactive 60Fe

机译:星际放射性60Fe的全球沉积探测了近地超新星

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摘要

The rate of supernovae (SNe) in our local galactic neighborhood within a distance of ~100 parsec from Earth (1 parsec (pc)=3.26 light years) is estimated at 1 SN every 2-4 million years (Myr), based on the total SN-rate in the Milky Way (2.0±0.7 per century,). Recent massive-star and SN activity in Earth’s vicinity may be evidenced by traces of radionuclides with half-lives t1/2 ≤100 Myr-, if trapped in interstellar dust grains that penetrate the Solar System (SS). One such radionuclide is 60Fe (t1/2=2.6 Myr), which is ejected in supernova explosions and winds from massive stars,,. Here we report that the 60Fe signal observed previously in deep-sea crusts,, is global, extended in time and of interstellar origin from multiple events. Deep-sea archives from all major oceans were analyzed for 60Fe deposition via accretion of interstellar dust particles. Our results, based on 60Fe atom-counting at state-of-the-art sensitivity, reveal 60Fe interstellar influxes onto Earth 1.7–3.2 Myr and 6.5–8.7 Myr ago. The measured signal implies that a few percent of fresh 60Fe was captured in dust and deposited on Earth. Our findings indicate multiple supernova and massive-star events during the last ~10 Myr at nearby distances ≤100 pc.
机译:在距地球约100帕秒(1帕秒(pc)= 3.26光年)的距离内,我们当地银河系附近的超新星(SNe)速率估计为每2-4百万年(Myr)为1 SN。银河系中的总SN率(每世纪2.0±0.7 )。如果被滞留在穿透太阳系(SS)的星际尘埃颗粒中,则半衰期为t1 / 2≤100Myr -的放射性核素的痕迹可以证明地球附近最近的大质量恒星和SN活动。 。一种这样的放射性核素是 60 Fe(t1 / 2 = 2.6 Myr) ,它在超新星爆炸和大质量恒星的风中喷出。在这里,我们报告说,先前在深海地壳中发现的 60 Fe信号 是全球性的,随时间延长并且起源于多个事件的星际。通过星际尘埃颗粒的积聚分析了所有主要海洋的深海档案中的 60 Fe沉积。我们的结果基于以最先进的灵敏度 进行的 60 Fe原子计数,揭示了 60 Fe星际流入地球1.7– 3.2 Myr和6.5–8.7 Myr以前。测得的信号表明新鲜的 60 Fe中有百分之几被捕获在尘埃中并沉积在地球上。我们的发现表明,在最后〜10 Myr期间,附近距离≤100pc内发生了多次超新星和大质量恒星事件。

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