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Physical Functioning Trends among US Women and Men Age 45–64 by Education Level

机译：按教育程度划分的美国45-64岁男性和女性的身体机能趋势

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Functional limitations and disability declined in the US during the 1980s and 1990s, but reports of early 21st century trends are mixed. Whether educational inequalities in functioning increased or decreased is also poorly understood. Given the importance of disability for productivity, independent living, and health care costs, these trends are critical to US social and health policies. We examine recent trends in functional limitations and disability among women and men aged 45–64. Using 2000–2015 National Health Interview Surveys data on over 155,000 respondents, semiparametric and logistic regression models visualize and test functioning trends by education. Among women and men with at least a college degree, there was no change in disability and mild increase in limitations over time. All other education levels experienced significant increases in functioning problems ranging from 18% higher odds of functional limitations in 2015 compared to 2000 among men with some college to about 80% increase in the odds of disability among women and men with less than high school education. The similar trends for both genders suggest common underlying causes, possibly including the worsening economic well-being of middle- and working-class families. The pervasive growth of functioning problems is a cause for concern that necessitates further scholarly investigation.

机译：在1980年代和1990年代，美国的功能局限性和残疾程度有所下降，但是21世纪初期趋势的报道好坏参半。教育功能不平等是增加还是减少，人们对此也知之甚少。考虑到残疾对于生产力，独立生活和医疗保健成本的重要性，这些趋势对于美国的社会和健康政策至关重要。我们研究了45-64岁男女功能障碍和残疾的最新趋势。使用2000-2015年美国国家健康访问调查中超过155,000名受访者的数据，半参数和逻辑回归模型通过教育可视化并测试了功能趋势。至少具有大学学历的男女之间，随着时间的流逝，残疾并没有改变，限制水平也略有增加。所有其他教育水平的机能问题都显着增加，从2015年有大学的男性比2000年的功能限制机率高18％，到高中学历以下的女性和残疾人的机率高出约80％。两种性别的类似趋势表明存在共同的根本原因，可能包括中产阶级和工人阶级家庭的经济状况恶化。功能性问题的普遍发展令人担忧，需要进一步的学术研究。

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Anna Zajacova; Jennifer Karas Montez;
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年(卷),期 -1(63),1
年度 -1
页码 21–30
总页数 16
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入库时间 2022-08-21 11:10:51

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1. Physical Functioning Trends among US Women and Men Age 45-64 by Education Level [J] . Zajacova Anna, Montez Jennifer Karas Social Biology . 2017,第1期

机译：按教育程度划分的美国45-64岁男性和女性的身体机能趋势
2. Students' objectively measured physical activity levels and engagement as a function of between-class and between- student differences in motivation toward physical education [J] . Aelterman N., Vansteenkiste M., Van Keer H., Journal of sport & exercise psychology . 2012,第4期

机译：学生客观衡量的体育活动水平和参与度是班级和学生之间体育动机差异的函数
3. Physical education resources, class management, and student physical activity levels: a structure-process-outcome approach to evaluating physical education effectiveness. [J] . Bevans KB, Fitzpatrick LA, Sanchez BM, The Journal of school health . 2010,第12期

机译：体育资源，班级管理和学生体育活动水平：一种评估体育有效性的结构过程结果方法。
4. The relationship between physical activity levels and cardiovascular disease risk factors in middle-aged women [C] . Yuliang Sun International Conference on Economics, Management Engineering and Education Technology . 2016

机译：中年妇女体育活性水平与心血管疾病危险因素的关系
5. Body image and its influence on physical activity participation among women ages 45 to 64. [D] . Skowron, Maja Anna. 2010

机译：45至64岁女性的身体形象及其对体育锻炼参与的影响。
6. Fertility and infant mortality trends in Nicaragua 1964-1993. The role of womens education [O] . R. Pena, J. Liljestrand, E. Zelaya, 1999

机译：尼加拉瓜1964-1993年的生育率和婴儿死亡率趋势。妇女教育的作用
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机译：成人45-64：2006年与1996年的医疗保健支出趋势。统计摘要第255号

Physical Functioning Trends among US Women and Men Age 45–64 by Education Level

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