Decision making, rate calculation, and planning are examples of daily tasks we perform. They require accurate timing and involve many cortical areas such as the prefrontal cortex, the striatum, and the hippocampus. Although the neurobiological origin and the mechanisms of interval timing are largely unknown, we developed increasingly accurate mathematical and computational models that can mimic some properties of time perception. The accepted paradigm of temporal durations storage is that the objective elapsed time from the short-term memory is transferred to the reference memory using a multiplicative “memory translation constant” K*. It is believed that K* has a Gaussian distribution due to trial-related variabilities. To understand K* genesis,we hypothesized that the storage of temporal memories follows a topological map in the hippocampus, with longer durations stored towards dorsal hippocampus and shorter durations stored toward ventral hippocampus. We found that selective removal of memory cells in this topological map model shifts the peak-interval time in a manner consistent with the current experimental data on the effect of hippocampal lesions on time perception, and opens new avenues for experimental testing of our topological map hypothesis. We found numerically that the relative shift is determined both by the lesion size and its location and we suggested a theoretical estimate for the memory translation constant K*.
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机译:决策,费率计算和计划是我们执行的日常任务的示例。它们需要精确的时间,并且涉及许多皮质区域,例如前额叶皮层,纹状体和海马体。尽管神经生物学的起源和间隔时间的机制很大程度上未知,但我们开发了越来越精确的数学和计算模型,可以模仿时间感知的某些属性。可接受的时间持续时间存储范式是使用乘法“内存转换常数” K *将短期记忆的客观经过时间转移到参考内存。据信,由于试验相关的可变性,K *具有高斯分布。为了了解K *的发生,我们假设时间记忆的存储遵循海马体中的拓扑图,其中较长的时间存储在背侧海马中,较短的时间存储在腹侧海马中。我们发现在此拓扑图模型中选择性移除记忆细胞会以与当前有关海马损伤对时间知觉影响的实验数据一致的方式移动峰间隔时间,并为我们的拓扑图假设进行实验性测试开辟了新途径。我们从数字上发现相对位移是由病变的大小及其位置决定的,我们提出了记忆翻译常数K *的理论估计。
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