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Genome-Wide Association Study of Cadmium Accumulation at the Seedling Stage in Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)

机译:油菜籽苗期镉积累的全基因组关联研究

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摘要

Cadmium is a potentially toxic heavy metal to human health. Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), a vegetable and oilseed crop, might also be a Cd hyperaccumulator, but there is little information on this trait in rapeseed. We evaluated Cd accumulation in different oilseed accessions and employed a genome-wide association study to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) related to Cd accumulation. A total of 419 B. napus accessions and inbred lines were genotyped with a 60K Illumina Infinium SNP array of Brassica. Wide genotypic variations in Cd concentration and translocation were found. Twenty-five QTLs integrated with 98 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located at 15 chromosomes were associated with Cd accumulation traits. These QTLs explained 3.49–7.57% of the phenotypic variation observed. Thirty-two candidate genes were identified in these genomic regions, and they were 0.33–497.97 kb away from the SNPs. We found orthologs of Arabidopsis thaliana located near the significant SNPs on the B. napus genome, including NRAMP6 (natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 6), IRT1 (iron-regulated transporter 1), CAD1 (cadmium-sensitive 1), and PCS2 (phytochelatin synthase 2). Of them, four candidate genes were verified by qRT-PCR, the expression levels of which were significantly higher after exposure to Cd than in the controls. Our results might facilitate the study of the genetic basis of Cd accumulation and the cloning of candidate Cd accumulation genes, which could be used to help reduce Cd levels in edible plant parts and/or create more efficient hyperaccumulators.
机译:镉是对人体健康有潜在毒性的重金属。蔬菜和油料作物油菜籽(Brassica napus L.)也可能是镉的超积累物,但关于油菜籽性状的信息很少。我们评估了不同油料种子中的镉积累,并进行了全基因组关联研究,以鉴定与镉积累相关的数量性状位点(QTL)。用芸苔属植物的60K Illumina Infinium SNP阵列对419个油菜种质和近交系进行基因分型。发现镉浓度和易位的基因型差异很大。与15个染色体上的98个单核苷酸多态性(SNP)整合的25个QTL与Cd积累性状相关。这些QTL解释了观察到的表型变异的3.49–7.57%。在这些基因组区域中鉴定出32个候选基因,它们与SNP的距离为0.33–497.97 kb。我们发现拟南芥的直系同源基因位于甘蓝型油菜基因组上重要SNP的附近,包括NRAMP6(天然抗性相关巨噬细胞蛋白6),IRT1(铁调节转运蛋白1),CAD1(镉敏感1)和PCS2(植物螯合素合酶2)。其中,通过qRT-PCR验证了四个候选基因,暴露于Cd后其表达水平显着高于对照组。我们的结果可能有助于研究Cd积累的遗传基础和候选Cd积累基因的克隆,这些基因可用于帮助降低可食用植物部分中Cd的水平和/或创建更有效的超积累物。

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