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Isolation and Characterization of Soil Bacteria That Define Terriglobus gen. nov. in the Phylum Acidobacteria

机译:土壤细菌的分离和鉴定十一月在Phylum Acidobacteria中

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摘要

Bacteria in the phylum Acidobacteria are widely distributed and abundant in soils, but their ecological roles are poorly understood, owing in part to a paucity of cultured representatives. In a molecular survey of acidobacterial diversity at the Michigan State University Kellogg Biological Station Long-Term Ecological Research site, 27% of acidobacterial 16S rRNA gene clones in a never-tilled, successional plant community belonged to subdivision 1, whose relative abundance varied inversely with soil pH. Strains of subdivision 1 were isolated from these never-tilled soils using low-nutrient medium incubated for 3 to 4 weeks under elevated levels of carbon dioxide, which resulted in a slightly acidified medium that matched the pH optima of the strains (between 5 and 6). Colonies were approximately 1 mm in diameter and either white or pink, the latter due to a carotenoid(s) that was synthesized preferentially under 20% instead of 2% oxygen. Strains were gram-negative, aerobic, chemo-organotrophic, nonmotile rods that produced an extracellular matrix. All strains contained either one or two copies of the 16S rRNA encoding gene, which along with a relatively slow doubling time (10 to 15 h at ca. 23°C) is suggestive of an oligotrophic lifestyle. Six of the strains are sufficiently similar to one another, but distinct from previously named Acidobacteria, to warrant creation of a new genus, Terriglobus, with Terriglobus roseus defined as the type species. The physiological and nutritional characteristics of Terriglobus are consistent with its potential widespread distribution in soil.
机译:酸性细菌门中的细菌广泛分布于土壤中,但其生态作用知之甚少,部分原因是缺乏培养的代表。在密歇根州立大学凯洛格生物站长期生态研究站点的酸性细菌多样性分子调查中,从未耕种的演替植物群落中,酸性细菌16S rRNA基因克隆的27%属于1类,其相对丰度与土壤pH值。使用高营养水平的二氧化碳将低营养培养基孵育3至4周,从这些从未耕种的土壤中分离出细分1的菌株,从而产生了一种弱酸化的培养基,使其与菌株的最佳pH值相匹配(5至6) )。菌落的直径约为1毫米,为白色或粉红色,后者是由于类胡萝卜素优先在20%而不是2%的氧气下合成而成。菌株是产生细胞外基质的革兰氏阴性,需氧,化学有机营养,非运动杆。所有菌株均包含一个或两个拷贝的16S rRNA编码基因,以及相对较慢的倍增时间(在约23°C下10至15小时),这暗示着贫营养的生活方式。其中六个菌株彼此足够相似,但与先前命名的嗜酸细菌不同,以确保创建一个新属Terriglobus,而将Terriglobus roseus定义为类型种。三角藻的生理和营养特性与其在土壤中潜在的广泛分布相一致。

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