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Palliative Care teaching in Germany – concepts and future developments

机译:德国的姑息治疗教学–概念和未来发展

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摘要

>Background: Following recent modifications of the Medical Licensure Act (ÄApprO) in the year 2009, palliative care was introduced as a compulsory 13th cross-disciplinary subject (Q13) in the undergraduate curriculum. Its implementation must have taken place before the beginning of the final year (´practical year´) in August 2013 and has to be substantiated for the medical exams taking place in October 2014. Very diverse structures pertaining to palliative care teaching were described in previous surveys at various medical faculties in Germany. As a result, the current and future plans and concepts related to content and exams of a mandatory Q13 course at the respective faculty sites should be ascertained. >Methods: Since 2006, the German Medical Students' Association (bvmd) has been carrying out a bi-annual survey at all medical faculties in Germany regarding the current situation of teaching in the field of palliative care. After designing and piloting an online survey in May 2010, a one-month online survey took place. The data was assessed using a descriptive approach. >Results: 31 of 36 medical faculties took part in the survey. At the time of questioning, 15 faculties already taught courses according to the requirements of the new ÄApprO; at three sites the Q13 is yet to be introduced commencing in 2012. A teaching curriculum for Q13 already existed at 15 faculty sites, partly based on the curricular requirements of the German Association for Palliative Medicine (DGP). Six sites described an implementation process as yet without an independent curriculum. Most of the faculties aim for 21-40 course hours, which will for the most part be provided as lectures, seminars or less often in more assisted and intense formats. The majority of the participating faculties intend an examination containing multiple choice questions. At 8 universities there is an independent Chair for palliative medicine (5 more are planned); this was linked with a higher degree of mandatory teaching in alignment with the requirements of the ÄApprO. A broad spectrum of educationally-involved occupational groups, specialist disciplines and external co-operating partners, were mentioned. >Conclusion: The infrastructural prerequisites of the present curricular concepts and the degree of implementation of the Q13 according to the requirements of the new ÄApprO diverge significantly among the various medical faculties. The efforts made to produce a qualitatively high standard of teaching with regard to the multifaceted questions concerning the support for severely and terminally ill patients is as much reflected in the survey, as the special implications of an independent Chair for palliative medicine for the implementation of the requirements by law. The participation of various occupational groups in this survey as well as the broad spectrum of those involved highlights the interdisciplinary and multi-professional dimension of teaching in palliative care.
机译:>背景:在2009年对《医疗许可法》(ÄApprO)进行了最新修改之后,姑息治疗被列为第13项跨学科必修课(Q13),本科课程。它的实施必须在2013年8月最后一年(“实践年”)开始之前进行,并且必须在2014年10月进行的医学检查中得到证实。以前的调查中描述了与姑息治疗教学有关的多种结构在德国的各种医学院。因此,应确定与当前教职所在地Q13课程的内容和考试相关的当前和将来的计划和概念。 >方法:自2006年以来,德国医学学生协会(bvmd)一直在德国所有医学院院进行两年一次的姑息治疗教学现状调查。在2010年5月设计并试行在线调查后,进行了为期一个月的在线调查。使用描述性方法评估数据。 >结果:参与调查的36个医学院系中有31个。在质询时,已有15个学院根据新ÄApprO的要求教授了课程;从2012年开始,将在三个地点开始引入Q13。在一部分15个教职员工中已经存在针对Q13的教学课程,部分是根据德国姑息医学协会(DGP)的课程要求。六个站点描述了没有独立课程的实施过程。大多数学院的目标是21至40个课程小时,大部分时间将以讲座,研讨会的形式提供,或者较少以协助和密集的形式提供。大多数参与的学院都打算进行包含多项选择题的考试。在8所大学中,有一名独立的姑息医学主席(计划再增加5名);根据ÄApprO的要求,这与更高程度的强制教学联系在一起。提到了涉及教育的各种职业团体,专业学科和外部合作伙伴。 >结论:根据新ÄApprO的要求,当前课程概念的基础知识前提和Q13的实施程度在各个医学系之间存在很大差异。在调查中反映出为支持重症和绝症患者的多方面问题而定出高质量的高标准教学的努力,以及姑息医学独立主席对实施该疗法的特殊意义。法律要求。各个职业群体的参与以及所涉人员的广泛参与,突出了姑息治疗教学的跨学科和多专业性。

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