Placement Of A Coronary Sinus Pacing Lead From A Sub-occluded Left Subclavian Vein Using A Collateral Vein To The Right Subclavian Vein

摘要

Upgrading of a pacing system in the presence of a subclavian occlusion is technically challenging. We describe the case of a patient who underwent a successful upgrading procedure of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) to a biventricular defibrillator (ICD-CRT) in the presence of a suboccluded left subclavian vein, using a collateral vein that drained into the contralateral subclavian vein.