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A cause of circulatory collapse that should be considered following trauma

机译:创伤后应考虑引起循环衰竭的原因

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摘要

Management of poly-trauma patients presenting to the emergency room is usually a challenging and formidable task. Two of the common problems seen in those patients are shock and neurological dysfunction. A huge differential for post-traumatic circulatory collapse exist and timely identification of the etiology is of utmost importance to avoid complications. In this report we are describing 2 cases presenting with circulatory collapse following trauma. The first case was a 29 year old female who presented after a motor vehicle accident fully conscious with severe hypotension and bradycardia. The second case presented with severe hemodynamic instability after falling at home. Physical examination of both patients revealed weakness in all 4 limbs and CT cervical spine revealed complete anterior sublaxation of C5 over C6 cervical vertebrae in the first case and partial sublaxation of C5 over C6 cervical vertebrae in the second case confirming that spinal cord injury is the likely cause for these hemodynamic alterations. A high index of suspicion for spinal cord injuries is therefore mandatory when managing a trauma patient presenting with quadriparesis and hemodynamic instability that is otherwise unexplained especially when the ensuing hypotension is associated with bradycardia instead of reflex tachycardia. Awareness of this cause of circulatory collapse is particularly important in the unconscious patient where eliciting sensory and motor deficits looking for spinal cord injury is not always feasible. Both patients were transferred to the intensive care unit and were maintained on epinephrine till becoming hemodynamically stable. The report aims to sensitize readers to this cause of post-traumatic circulatory collapse.
机译:急诊室中多创伤患者的管理通常是一项艰巨而艰巨的任务。在这些患者中看到的两个常见问题是休克和神经功能障碍。对于创伤后循环衰竭存在巨大的差异,及时确定病因对避免并发症至关重要。在本报告中,我们描述了2例创伤后出现循环衰竭的病例。第一例是一名29岁的女性,她在机动车事故发生后完全神志清楚,伴有严重的低血压和心动过缓。第二例在跌倒后表现出严重的血液动力学不稳定。两名患者的体格检查均显示四肢均无力,CT颈椎显示在第一例中C5完全松驰于C6颈椎,第二例中C5较C6颈椎部分松驰,这证实可能是脊髓损伤这些血液动力学改变的原因。因此,当处理表现出四肢瘫痪和血液动力学不稳定的外伤患者时,必须高度怀疑脊髓损伤,而这是无法解释的,尤其是在随后发生的低血压与心动过缓而不是反射性心动过速有关时。意识到这种循环衰竭的原因在无意识的患者中尤其重要,因为在这种患者中引起感觉和运动功能障碍以寻找脊髓损伤并不总是可行的。两名患者均被转移至重症监护病房,并维持肾上腺素直至血流动力学稳定。该报告旨在使读者意识到造成创伤后循环衰竭的原因。

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