宁波市外来儿童溺水高危行为的影响因素研究

摘要

目的：了解宁波市外来儿童溺水高危行为发生现状，探索其影响因素。方法选取8所城区外来民工子弟学校1～9年级学生共7600人进行问卷调查，分析溺水高危行为的影响因素。结果2013年外来儿童在无成人陪伴时溺水高危行为发生率为27.53％。多因素Logistic 回归分析显示，男性（OR＝2.30，95％CI：1.99～2.65）、高年级（OR＝1.23，95％CI：1.18～1.27）、未成年人陪同上下学（OR＝1.26，95％CI：1.06～1.51）、会游泳（OR＝2.09，95％CI：1.77～2.46）和学校／家周围500 m内有开放性水域（OR＝1.75，95％CI：1.52～2.00）是溺水高危行为发生的危险因素；防范溺水知识知晓率高（OR＝0.99，95％CI：0.98～0.99）、正向信念持有率高（OR＝0.99，95％CI：0.98～0.99）、同学相处融洽（OR＝0.69，95％CI：0.51～0.95）和家人相处较好（OR＝0.33，95％CI：0.24～0.46）是其保护因素。结论外来儿童的溺水高危行为发生率高，男生、会游泳可能会增加儿童溺水高危行为的发生。%Objective To explore the current profile of drowning related high risk behaviors among the floating children inNingbo City and to identify the risk factors on these behaviors.Methods A total of 7 600 students from grade 1 -9 ineight urban migrant workers'children schools were recruited and surveyed by the questionnaires.And the logistic regressionmodel was used for the analysis of risk factors.Results In last one year,without adult supervision,the incidence rate ofdrowning related high risk behaviors was 27.53%.The results of multivariate logistic regression showed that males (OR =2.30,95%CI:1.99 ~2.65),senior grade (OR =1.23,95%CI:1.18 ~1.27),other juvenile companion on the way toschools (OR =1.26,95%CI:1.06 ~1.51),being able to swim (OR =2.09,95%CI:1.77 ~2.46)and there being theopen water around school and home (OR =1.75,95%CI:1.52 ~2.00)could increase the incidence of drowning relatedhigh risk behaviors.And higher awareness of drowning prevention (OR =0.99,95%CI:0.98 ~0.99),higher rate ofcorrect attitude (OR =0.99,95%CI:0.98 ~0.99),getting along well with schoolmates (OR =0.69,95%CI:0.51 ~0.95)and with family members (OR =0.33,95%CI:0.24 ~0.46)could reduce the incidence of drowning related highrisk behaviors.Conclusion The incidence rate of drowning related high risk behaviors was high among the floatingchildren in Ningbo City,and males,being able to swim might increase the occurrence of high risk behaviors.