含炔键单元的寡聚噻吩类化合物的研究进展

摘要

As electron - rich system, oligothiophene derivatives exhibit super optical and electronic transmission properties. As a linear electron-rich unit, acetylene can extend the whole molecular w-conjuga- tion length and increase the length of rigid core and provide the planar structure. Thiophene derivatives containing acetylene unit have been extensively studied because of their super optical and molecular self - assemble properties. In this paper the recent progress on oligothiophene derivatives containing acetylene unit has been reviewed, including acetylene unit in main chain and in side chain as well as ring shape, star shape, X shape and dendron shape oligothiophene derivatives. It is focused on the relationship among the structure, mesophase behavior, the elctrooptical properties, device properties and self-assembly structure etc. All research shows that oligothiophene derivatives containing acetylene units have an important application prospect in organic molecular devices.%寡聚噻吩类衍生物作为一个富电子体系通常表现出优越的电子传输性和光电性能，炔键作为一个直线型的富电子单元，引入到噻吩体系中可以增长体系的共轭度，增大体系中的刚硬核长度，同时还可以提高整个分子的平面规整度。含炔键单元的噻吩类化合物所具备的分子自组装性能和优异电子传输性已引起人们极大的关注。介绍了炔键在主链上，侧链上及含噻吩炔单元的环形、星形、x形与树枝形的寡聚噻吩类化合物的研究进展。阐述了它们的分子结构与液晶相态结构、光电性能、器件性能、自组装结构之间的关系。所有的研究表明该类化合物在有机分子器件方面有着重要的应用前景。