Relevance theory is widely applied in the practice of translation and elaborates communication from the perspective of human cognition. This paper, first and foremost, discusses the background of relevance theory and the essence of translation in the framework of relevance theory. Secondly, it il ustrates the differences in syntax structure, cultural connotation and pragmatic rules between English and Chinese languages. Then, it explores different strategies to transform language information on the basis of readers’ cognitive environment in Chinese-English translation.
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