不同灌溉方式对大田夏玉米产量影响研究

摘要

During the planting period,soil water content rate may directly impact on seedling emergence ratio of summer corn. Therefore, soil moisture infiltration irrigation is the best way to guarantee summer corn′s seedling emergence rate,which can also lay basis for their later growth. Its seeding emergence rate can be well guaranteed when soil moisture content is between 16. 0 and 20. 0%,which may also provide enough water during the period of its later growth. If winter wheat is irrigated before harvest,grain weight increase will be influenced in some degree. If it is irrigated during the late milk stage and beginning ripe stage,influence on grain weight increase is not significant. If it is irrigated within 6 ~ 10 days before harvest,its yields can be increased and its seedling emergence ratio can also be guaranteed. Thus it will be the best irrigation period for the winter wheat and summer corn rotation area if higher yields obtained. Soil moisture content in the seeding stage of summer corn will greatly influence on its yields and their correlations are rather significant,namely,R2 is 0. 89 and 0. 90 respectively.%播种期土壤含水率对夏玉米出苗率产生直接影响，渗墒灌是保证大田夏玉米播种期出苗率的最佳灌水方式，并且对其后期植株生长发育奠定了一定的水分基础；土壤含水率为16．0％～20．0％时播种，可保证夏玉米出苗率，并为后期生长发育提供水分条件。冬小麦收割前的灌水对小麦籽粒增重有一定的影响，乳熟末期至蜡熟始期灌水，籽粒干物质的积累较快，有增加籽粒质量的作用，蜡熟后期灌水对籽粒质量没有显著影响；冬小麦收割前6～10 d 灌水既可使冬小麦增产又能保证夏玉米出苗率，是冬小麦夏玉米轮作区获得高产的最优灌水方式。夏玉米苗期土壤含水率对产量有很大的影响，经拟合后发现其相关性显著，2013年、2014年复相关系数分别为0．89和0．90。