为分析淮河中游典型分汊河段淮南段(鲁台子-田家庵)在上游排污情况下的河流污染变化规律,运用地表水模拟系统SMS-RMA4建立污染物迁移规律数值模拟模型,并对模拟结果进行了验证分析。首先根据多年实测流量资料,推求了鲁台子水文站95%,75%保证率下的设计流量,然后利用排污口排污数据,对研究河段中的凤台大桥、平圩大桥、田家庵断面的污染指标氨氮( NH3-N)和化学需氧量( CODcr )变化规律进行了分析,并以P =75%来水条件为例,模拟了不同时刻点CODcr在分汊河道中的扩散状态。分析结果反映了河段内水质对上游排污口排污的响应规律,并得出污染源排污强度和上游来水的水动力条件为制约下游水质的主要因素。%In order to study the contaminant transport law of branching channels at Huainan reach ( from Lutaizi to Tianjia'an) of Huaihe River when contaminants are discharged into the upstream, a simulation model is established by using two dimensional numerical model RMA4 in SMS ( Surface Water Modeling System) and the simulation results are verified and analyzed. Firstly, based on the flow data for years, design flows of Lutaizi hydrologic station under assurance rate of 95% and 75% are calculated, then, by using annual pollution discharge data of outlets in 2003, the variation law of NH3-N and CODcr concentration at Feng-tai and Pingwei bridge sections and Tianjia′an section are analyzed by the model. And aiming at 75% design flow, the diffusion states of CODcr in branching channels at different time are simulated. The analysis results reflect the response law of water quali-ty in the branching channels to the upstream contaminant discharge and it is concluded that the upstream hydrodynamic condition is the major restriction factor to downstream water quality.
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