响应曲面法研究热水处理对哈密瓜采后品质的影响

摘要

[目的]采用响应曲面法研究热水处理对哈密瓜采后贮藏品质的影响,筛选适宜哈密瓜热处理的温度及时间,为哈密瓜采后贮藏保鲜提供理论依据.[方法]以哈密瓜(Cucumis meloL ssp.melo Pang)西州蜜25号为试验材料,热水处理温度分别为50、55和60℃,热水处理时间分别为1、3和5min,研究热水处理对采后哈密瓜果实硬度、可溶性固形物含量( SSC)、相对电导率、维生素C(VC)含量、病害指数、好果率及商品率的影响.并以28 d哈密瓜果实病害指数为测定指标,采用miscellaneous响应曲面设计,研究不同温度、时间对哈密瓜果实病害指数的影响,确定最佳组合条件.[结果]热水处理均能在不同程度上延缓哈密瓜果实硬度、SSC、VC含量的下降,抑制相对电导率及病害指数的上升,保持哈密瓜果实的好果率及商品率.其中以55℃、3 min,55℃、5 min及60℃、3min处理较适宜.[结论]热水处理最佳条件为:55℃、3min,其在贮藏第16 d果实硬度、SSC、VC含量分别较对照高50.2％、36.8％和14.5％,相对电导率较对照低15.5％；贮藏第28 d果实病害指数较对照低55.0％；贮藏第20d好果率及商品率分别较对照高200.0％、42.9％.%[ Objective ] The purpose of this program was to study the effect of Response Surface Method of hot water treatment on storage quality of Hami melon during the post - harvest. [ Method ] The test materials were Hami melon ' Xi Zhou Mi No. 25' , the temperature of hot water treatment was 50℃ , 55℃ , 60℃ , the time of hot water treatment was 1 min, 3 min, 5 min. Hot water treatment on Hami melon of firmness, soluble solids content ( SSC) , electrolyte permeability, vitamin C content, and disease exponent were detected. Adopting miscellaneous response surface design, the effects of different of temperature and time were studied on the disease exponent of Hami melon. The test index was disease exponent of Hami melon on 28 days to determine the best combined condition. [Result] The results showed that the firmness, SSC, and Vc content of all of hot water treatment on Hami melon were delayed. The increasing of the electrolyte permeability, disease exponent of Hami melon fruits were inhibited, to maintained fresh rate and commodity rate of Hami melon fruits. Among them, 55℃, 3 min, 55℃ , 5 min and 60℃, 3min treatments were more appropriate. [Conclusion]The most desirable hot water treatment was 55℃, 3 min. The firmness, SSC, VC content of fruits on the 16th day were 50. 2% , 36. 8% , 14. 5% higher than those of the check respectively, and the electrolyte permeability was 15. 5% lower than the CK. The disease exponent of fruits on the 28th day was 55.0% lower than the CK. The fresh rage and commodity rate of fruits on the 20th day were 200.0% , 42.9% higher than the check respectively.