不同生育时期施氮量调控对机采棉花冠层特性影响

摘要

[Objective] The project aims to improve the canopy structure and the yield and increase the quality of machine harvesting cotton by adjustin the strategy nitrogen application rate.[Method] Different amounts of nitrogen fertilizer were applied at different growth periods based on the same basic fertilizer.Canopy characteristics of cotton was monitored with the CI-110 canopy instrument.[Result] The amount of nitrogen regulation in bud stage,LAI index,MFIA index and T index were increased with the increase of amount of nitrogen fertilizer,TC index and K index decreased with the increase of amount of nitrogen fertilizer;In flowering period,LAI index and K index first increased and then decreased with the increase of application amount of nitrogen,MFIA index and T index decreased first and then increased with the amount of nitrogen increased,TC index increased first and then tended to be stable with the increase of the amount of nitrogen;In full boll stage,with the increase of nitrogen,LAI index increased first and then decreased,and the MFIA index increased with it.What was more,TC index increased first and then decreased,T index decreased first and then increased,K index increased first and then decreased.[Conclusion] At the full boll stage,nitrogen regulation has a good effect on regulating LAI index;The differences of MFIA index,K index and T index in the bud stage,flowering stage and full boll stage are not so great.The TC index value of bud stage treatment was higher than those of full flowering stage and full boll stage.%[目的]通过调控施氮策略来改善冠层结构,提高机采棉产量品质.[方法]在基肥一致的基础上,不同生育期追施不同量氮肥,用CI-110冠层仪监测棉花冠层特性.[结果]在蕾期,LAI指数、MFIA指数和T指数均随着施氮量的增加而增加,TC指数和K指数均随着施氮量的增加而减小;在盛花期,LAI指数和K指数随着施氮量的增加呈先增加后减小趋势,MFIA指数和T指数随着施氮量的增加呈先减小后增加趋势,TC指数随着施氮量的增加呈先增加后趋于稳定趋势;在盛铃期,随着施氮量的增加,LAI指数先增加后减小,MFIA指数随之增加,TC指数先增加后减小,T指数先减小后增加,K指数先增加后减小.[结论]在盛铃期进行施氮量调控,对LAI指数具有很好的调控作用;MFIA指数、K指数和T指数在蕾期,盛花期,盛铃期差异不大;蕾期处理的TC指数值均高于盛花期和盛铃期.