滴灌条件下水肥耦合对花生干物质积累和产量的影响

摘要

[目的]研究滴灌条件下,水肥耦合对花生干物质积累动态、生理指标变化和产量的影响.[方法]以花育33号为材料,按照不同追肥时期设不追肥(A对照)、苗期追肥(B)、始花期追肥(C)、花针期追肥(D)、结荚期追肥(E)5个处理.各处理追肥量相同,均为1 hm2施N 180 kg,P2O590kg,K2O 45kg,CaO 30 kg,分析水肥耦合的效应.[结果]结荚期施肥促进花生株高的生长;始花期施肥,花生的根冠比最大,在此时期施肥,有助于花生生殖生长和干物质积累,由花生单产统计可知,始花期施肥,花生的单产最高,达到527.93 kg/667m2;单株生产力受主茎高、侧枝长、总分枝数、结果枝数、单株饱果数、百果重、百仁重等农艺性状的影响,花针期施肥利于花生各农艺性状的增长,利于花生单株生产力的提高.[结论]在不同发育时期进行水肥处理,对花生具有不同的效应,始花期施肥可以提高花生单产.%[Objective] In order to study the effect of irrigation and fertilizer coupling on peanut dry matter accumulation dynamic,physiological index and yield,in this experiment,Huayu 33 was used as fertilizer to analyze the effect of water and fertilizer coupling at different growth stages.[Method] The experiment was divided into five parts:no fertilizer(A control),seedling fertilizing (B),top dressing at flowering stage (C),floricome period fertilizing (D),pod setting period fertilizing (E) according to the different fertilizer periods.The quantity of fertilizer was the same with each other:N 180 kg,90 kg P2O5,K2O 45 kg and CaO 30 kg for per hectare.[Result] During pod setting period,fertilization promoted the growth of peanut plant height;The ratio of root to shoot of peanut was the highest at the beginning period of flowering,which showed that fertilization in this period was conducive to the reproductive growth and dry matter accumulation of peanut.At the same time,according to the table of area yield,at the beginning of flowering period,fertilizing the peanut,peanuts area yield was the highest,reaching 527.93 kg;The analysis of peanut per plant and main agronomic characters showed the stem height,lateral branch length,the total number of branches,number of fruit,full fruit number per plant,hundred kernel weight and other agronomic traits had the impact on individual plant productivity;fertilization at floricome period was conducive to the growth of the agronomic traits and to improvement of peanut productivity per plant.[Conclusion] In conclusion,water and fertilizer treatments have different effects on peanut at different developmental stages,and fertilization at first flowering stage can increase peanut yield per mu and create more revenue.