新型农业经营主体农业科技推广供需匹配分析

摘要

[目的]研究新疆不同新型农业经营主体技术需求与技术供给之间的均衡程度,建立与新型农业经营主体发展相适应的多元化农业技术推广体制.[方法]采用问卷调查、实地调研、典型案例分析、微信网络平台收集数据,运用比对法,分析农民合作社和农户的技术供需类型、科技推广主体供需、技术供需认知.[结果]各类农业推广技术供需重点基本一致;推广技术供需不匹配的矛盾较为突出;新型经营主体作为科技推广主体在供需匹配方面矛盾较为突出;农技推广机构作用亟需加强;农业科技推广方式渠道手段较为集中,不能很好满足各类经营主体需求.[结论]新疆农业科技推广应用体系中供需之间存在一定的不匹配性,建立农户需求反馈机制和技术供给主体之间协作机制,加大资金投入力度,推进农技推广体系和公共服务平台建设,提升农民科技文化素质,提升新疆新型农业经营主体农技推广水平.%[Objective] To explore the equilibrium degree between demand and supply of technology ex-tension in Xinjiang agricultural management entities, establish diversified agricultural technology extension sys-tem which will adapt to the development of the new agricultural operators, promote rural revitalization and modern agricultural development in Xinjiang.[Method]Based on the questionnaire survey data, this paper analyzed the types of technology supply and demand, the main body of science and technology extension, and the cognition of technology supply and demand of farmers'cooperatives and farmers by comparison method.[Result]Almost all kinds of agricultural extension technologies have basically the same supply and demand fo-cus; Unmatched contradiction between supply and demand of extension technology was obvious; There was ob-vious unmatched contradiction between supply and demand in extension subjects with new agricultural opera-tors as the main subjects of technical extension; It needed to strengthen the role of agricultural technology ex-tension agencies supported by government; The ways and means of agricultural science and technology exten-sion were more concentrated and could not meet the needs of all kinds of main management operators.[Con-clusion]It will be helpful to enhance the level of agricultural management entities'agricultural technology ex-tension in Xinjiang through establishing farmers demand feedback mechanism and the technical collaboration mechanism among technical supply subjects, increasing financial investment, promoting the platform construc-tion for agricultural technology extension system and public service, as well as improving farmers'cultural qual-ity of science and technology.