Objective:To investigate the distribution characteristics of common TCM syndromes of hypertension and their factors. Methods: Papers on syndrome differentiation of hypertension published since 1980 to 2010 were retrieved and selected into a database for statistic analysis. Results: There were altogether 216 syndrome types described in the 3840 selected papers. The most frequently used symptoms were insomnia, flush of the face and thirsty, and the most frequent terms of syndromes were intense liver fire, liver-yang hy-peractivity and liver wind agitation. Conclusion: The most common symptoms of hypertension are concerned with liver system with the frequent syndromes of liver-yang hyperactivity and intense liver fire, which would provide evidence for differentiation and treatment of hypertension.%目的:探讨高血压常见中医证候和证候要素的分布特点.方法:通过检索文献,选取1980-2010年有关高血压中医辨证的文献,建立数据库,进行统计分析.结果:从纳入分析的文献共3840篇,中医症状描述共216种,出现频率最高的症状依次为不寐、面色红、口干渴、口苦等;出现频率最高的中医证侯类型依次为肝火炽盛、肝阳上亢、肝风内动等.结论:高血压最常见的症状以肝系为主,而肝阳上亢和肝火炽盛为临床最常见的证侯类型,符合临床实际,也为高血压的辨证论治提供了佐证.
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