叶面喷钙对金丝小枣矿质养分变化规律研究

摘要

In order to understand calcium demand rule of golden silk jujube, and provide some theoretical basises for rational application of calcium fertilizer, using golden silk jujube as test materials, 0.2% calcium citrate and 0.2% calcium nitrate were applied to foliage spraying, and mineral nutrient contents in leaves and fruits were measured at different fruit development stages. The results show that the calcium content in the leaves was increased with the growth period, and the calcium content in the fruits was decreased with the growth period. The contents of N, P, Ca and B in leaves were significantly increased by spraying calcium,and the contents of Mn and Zn in leaves were significantly decreased.The Mg content in leaves was significantly increased by spraying calcium nitrate.The contents of P,Ca and B in the fruits were significantly increased by spraying calcium.The contents of Mg,B and Zn in the fruits were significantly decreased by spraying calcium citrate.In summary,spraying calcium can significantly improve the contents of majority mineral nutrients, so calcium plays an important role in maintaining the balance of nutrients in trees.%为了解金丝小枣需钙规律,从而为金丝小枣合理施用钙肥提供理论依据,以金丝小枣为试材,分别对其叶面喷施有机钙(0.2%柠檬酸钙)和无机钙(0.2%硝酸钙),并于果实发育不同时期测定叶片、果实中矿质养分含量.结果表明:在金丝小枣发育过程中,叶片中钙含量呈不断增加趋势,果实中钙含量随生育期变化不断降低.喷施钙素显著提高了叶片中氮、磷、钙、硼含量,并显著降低了叶片中锰、锌含量.喷施硝酸钙显著提高了叶片镁含量.喷施钙素显著提高了果实中磷、钙、硼含量,喷施柠檬酸钙显著降低了果实中镁、硼、锌含量.综上所述,喷施钙素能显著提高叶片及果实中大多数矿质养分含量,故钙素对于维持树体养分比例平衡具有重要作用.