锥形束CT诊断上颌前牙区多生牙价值研究

摘要

Objective To evaluate the value of cone-beam CT (CBCT) in the diagnosis and orientation of supernumerary teeth in the anterior maxilla. Methods 195 supernumerary teeth in the anterior maxilla of 146 patients were included, which were examined by CBCT. The number, shape, size, 3-dimensional position, growth direction of the supernumeraries and their relationship with the neighboring teeth were analyzed. Results The 146 patients aged from 5 to 39, and males were affected more than females in a ratio of 2.95-1. 102(69.9%) patients had single supernumerary teeth. Of the 195 supernumerary teeth, 126(64.6%) were near the middle line, 131(67.2%) were conical, 51 (26.2%) were curved root, 98(50.3%) were inverted and had a length of (11.97?.40) mm. The supernumerary teeth often caused complications. Conclusion The position of the supernumerary teeth is varied in the maxilla* and often causes permanent dentition complications. CBCT imaging yields accurate 3-dimensional pictures of supernumerary teeth, local dental and bony structures, which is helpful for diagnosis and orientation of supernumerary teeth.%目的 回顾性分析锥形束CT(CBCT)在上颌前牙区多生牙诊断及定位中的价值.方法 以经CBCT确诊为上颌前牙区多生牙的146例患者的195颗多生牙为研究对象,分析多生牙的数目、形态、大小、空间位置、生长方向及其与邻近组织的关系.结果 146例患者年龄5 ～39岁,男女比例为2.95∶1,其中102例(69.9％)为单颗多生牙.195颗多生牙的长度平均为(11.97±2.40) mm,其中,126颗(64.6％)位于中线区,131颗(67.2％)为圆锥形,51颗(26.2％)牙根弯曲,98颗(50.3％)牙冠生长方向倒置,133颗(68.2％)与邻近恒牙或恒牙胚有接触,恒牙牙列常伴有各种异常.结论 多生牙空间位置变异大,可引起恒牙列病变.CBCT检查能精确直观地显示上颌前牙区多生牙及其与周围组织关系,对多生牙的诊断及定位具有重要的指导意义.