目的：探讨切断大鼠下牙槽神经后，牙周组织中P物质的表达变化及其对破骨细胞的影响。方法将30只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为6组，每组5只，分为正常组（0d）和术后第3、7、14、21、28天组。在下颌孔处切断大鼠左侧下牙槽神经，分别在相应的观测时点取材，常规制备大鼠牙周组织石蜡切片，行免疫组织化学染色观察P物质的表达情况，同时行抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶（TRAP）染色观察破骨细胞的分布，并对免疫组织化学染色的平均光密度值和破骨细胞计数进行统计分析。结果切断大鼠下牙槽神经后牙周组织中的P物质在第3天表现出明显的下降趋势，第7天达到最低值，第21天恢复到正常水平；破骨细胞的变化趋势与P物质的变化具有一致性。结论切断大鼠下牙槽神经后，牙周组织中P物质与破骨细胞的变化呈正相关。P物质可能具有刺激并调节破骨细胞分化的作用，参与牙槽骨的代谢。%Objective This study aimed to investigate the expression function of substance P and the formation of osteo-clasts in the periodontal tissues after the inferior alveolar nerve sectioned in rats. Methods Thirty Wistar male rats were used in the experiment and were divided into six groups (n=5) randomly: 0 d (normal), 3 d, 7 d, 14 d, 21 d, and 28 d. The periodontal tissues were removed from the denervation of the inferior alveolar nerve in rats. The periodontal tissues were checked by para-ffin sections through immunohistochemical staining to trace the expression of substance P and through tratrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining to detect the osteoclasts. The average optical density and osteoclast were measured, and the obtained data was statistically analyzed. Results The expression level of substance P in the first three days decreased signi-ficantly after the inferior alveolar nerve was cut. In addition, the lowest expression level was measured after 7 d. Normal levels in the periodontal tissue were measured after 21 d. In addition, we found that osteoclasts vary proportionally with the changes in substance P. Conclusion The changes in substance P is positively correlated with the quantity of osteoclasts after the inferior alveolar nerve section. Therefore, we deduce that substance P may regulate the differentiation of osteoclasts formation, and thereby participate in the balancing of aveular bone metabolism.
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