Periodontitis is a chronic infective disease characterized as the destruction of the supporting tissues of the teeth. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, which are ideal adult stem cells for the regeneration of supporting tissues, may play important roles in restoring the structure and function of the periodontium and in promoting the treatment of periodontal disease. As a consequence, the characteristics, especially osteogenic differentiation mechanism, of these stem cells have been extensively investigated. The regulation of the physiological behavior of these stem cells is associated with BMAL1 gene. This gene is a potential treatment target for periodontal disease, although the specific mechanism remains inconclusive. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of BMAL1 gene and its ability to regulate the osteogenic differentiation of stem cells.%牙周炎是以牙周组织破坏为特征的感染性疾病，作为重要的牙周组织再生种子细胞，骨髓间充质干细胞在重构牙周组织结构和功能、促进牙周病好转乃至愈合方面具有重要作用，因此骨髓间充质干细胞的特性尤其是其成骨分化的相关调控机制是目前研究热点之一。BMAL1基因与骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化等诸多生理行为的调控关系密切，有望成为牙周疾病新的治疗靶点。本文对BMAL1基因的特性以及调控骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化的机制作一综述。
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