对浸没式膜工艺处理滦河原水过程中采用的三种膜污染清洗技术进行了中试研究.试验结果表明,对膜定期进行反冲洗是防治膜污染的必要手段.EFM操作是防治膜污染的有效措施.EFM执行时间和清洗剂浓度对清洗效果有一定影响,在该试验工况下,EFM执行时间在45～60 min较为合适,清洗剂选择0.41%NaOH和800 mg/L NaClO为宜.化学清洗可使膜性能得到极大恢复,对于高温高藻期滦河水,碱洗效果要比酸洗效果好.操作优化试验表明,化学清洗前进行3次物理清洗可最大发挥物理清洗的强化作用;化学清洗后进行4次物理清洗可避免清洗残留液对正常过滤的出水水质造成影响.%Three kinds of cleaning technologies were tested with pilot-scale in the process of immersed membrane for Luan River raw water treating. The results demonstrated that periodic backwashing was necessary for prevention of membrane fouling. Enhanced flux maintenance(EFM) was an effective method against membrane fouling. Both cleaning time and cleaning agent concentration of EFM affected the cleaning efficiency to some extent. In the specific experiment conditions, the optimal EFM cleaning time was 45～60 min, and the best cleaning agent was 0.41%NaOH and 800 mg/L NaClO. Membrane performance could achieve a great recovery by chemical cleaning. In the period of high temperature and high algae, cleaning method with NaClO and NaOH was better than that of HCl. Physical cleaning optimal experiments showed that it could greatly enhance the effect of chemical cleaning with three-time continuous operation before chemical cleaning, and it could avoid fouling of remnant cleaning liquid to the membrane-treated water when four-time physical cleaning was conducted after chemical cleaning.
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