漳河上游水质时空分异特征及污染源识别

摘要

为研究漳河上游水质的时空分异特征及潜在污染源,利用多元统计方法对2013年漳河上游20个断面25个水质指标的实测数据进行了分析研究.结果表明:漳河上游水质在空间尺度上分为2组,A组靠近源头、水量充足的河段及水库调节区,水质较好;B组多在浊漳南源中下游及浊漳干流,工业排污量大,水质污染较严重;B组的主要污染因子为重金属、营养盐等,显示出B组断面受工业污染的影响比较大.漳河上游水质年内变化分为2个时段,1-3月水质恶劣,4-12月水质较好;1-3月的主要污染因子为有机污染,并识别出6个主要污染源.%In order to study the spatio-temporal variations and potential pollutant sources of the water quality of the upper reaches of the Zhanghe River, the multivariate statistical approach was used to analyze the measured data of 25 water quality parameters at 20 different cross-sections of the upper reaches in 2013.The results demonstrated that the water quality of the upper reaches of the Zhanghe River was classified into two distinct clusters: cluster A, which has good water quality and is close to water source and river sections with adequate water, and reservoirs;and cluster B, which has heavily polluted water and covers the middle and lower reaches of the south source and mainstream of the Zhuozhang River.The main pollutants of cluster B were heavy metals and nutrients, indicating that cluster B was influenced by heavy industrial pollution.The inner-annual variation of water quality had two periods: period I (from January to March) with worse water quality, and period II (from April to December) with better water quality.The organic pollution mainly occurred in period I, and six main pollutant sources were identified.