温差电动势在大学物理实验中具有动手性强，可操作性等一系列的特点，实验装置也比较简单，我们只需要两种不同的金属组成闭合回路，如果两接触点的温度不同，回路中就产生温差电动势。这是热电偶温度计的工作原理。热电偶温度计热惯性小，反应快，可以测量较高的温度。而且以电势的形式输出测量结果，便于测量和处理。因而得到了广泛的应用。热电偶温度计必须通过定标，即测出温差电动势与温度之间的关系。%Thermoelectromotive force in college physics experiment has characteristics of strong practicality, operability and so on. The experimental device is simple. We only need two dissimilar metals to form closed loops. If the temperature of the two contact points are different, thermoelectromotive force is produced in the loop. This is the working principle of thermocouple thermometer. Thermocouple thermometer has small thermal inertia and fast response, and can be used to measure high temperatures. And the measurement results are output in the form of potential, which is convenient for measurement and processing. Thus it has been widely used. Thermocouple thermometer must pass the calibration, i.e. measuring the relationship between temperature difference electromotive force and temperature.
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