“去福利化”解决城市停车问题

摘要

中国城市停车位普遍存在建设投入高和使用价格低之间的极端不对称，导致小汽车过度使用、停车矛盾不断加剧。首先对中国城市停车问题及停车收费定价体系进行分析。比较分析按公众心理承受能力和参考车位土地资源价值两种定价模式，指出因收费定价不合理导致的停车福利化现象是城市停车问题的根源所在。最后阐明，建立与基本国情相适应的停车经济技术支撑体系、实行去福利化的停车改革、推进停车产业化发展，是实现城市交通可持续发展的必然选择。%The extremely unbalanced high construction cost of parking facility and small revenue from low parking fee has resulted in excessive car usage and ever worsening parking space shortage problems in Chi-na. This paper first analyzes urban parking problems and pricing system in China. By comparing two park-ing pricing models-one from public expectation and another on land value, the paper reveals that subsidiz-ing parking with unreasonable low parking charge is the root cause of urban parking problems. Finally, the paper points out that it is necessary to promote sustainable development of urban transportation through rel-evant economic and technological supporting system that matches the current development status in China. It is time to eliminate subsidization of urban parking and to promote parking industry on market economy.