香港地铁运营成本分析及其启示

摘要

地铁运营成本是论证项目必要性及可行性的关键,是评价企业运营效率的核心指标,是影响地铁票价水平的重要因素.由于地铁运营成本复杂性等多种因素,各地政府及运营企业难以有效掌控地铁运营成本.以香港地铁为例,采用定量分析与定性分析相结合的方法,以定量的手段分析地铁运营成本的具体构成,研究各成本组成项的特征及其变化规律,进而从定性的角度对地铁建设、运营以及管理提出了相应建议.%Metro operation cost is the key to demonstrate the necessity and feasibility of a project,it is also a core indicator to evaluate the operating efficiency of enterprises,and affects metro fare level directly.Since complex factors influencing metro operation cost,it is difficult for the local government and enterprises to control the operation cost effectively.Based on a case study of Hong Kong MTR,by using quantitative and qualitative analysis methods,the exact structure of metro operation cost is analyzed,the characteristics of each cost component and their changing rules are studied,corresponding suggestions on metro construction,operation and management are put forward from the qualitative perspective.