With the rapid development of the internet technology, it becomes possible to apply big data in ideological and political education. Comparison with the traditional ideological and political education, the one based on big data will have revolutionary changes in many aspects. As a new thing, the connotation of ideological and political education based on big data is still in the exploration. It has distinct features in information grasp, education mode, education subject and object, education media, education methods and other aspects. There are four key problems in the study of ideological and political education based on big data. First, the digitized survival produces effect on the effectiveness of ideological and political education. Second, data abuse leads to ethical dilemmas. Third, the existing culture, system, and personnel configuration requires optimization. Fourth, technical bottlenecks are needed to overcome. Although the theoretical circle has a consensus on significance, situation and trend of ideological and political education based on big data, its connotation and attribute should keep up with practical development, and its research paradigm and method also need a revolutionary breakthrough.%互联网技术的飞速发展,使思想政治教育应用大数据成为可能.相较传统思想政治教育,大数据思想政治教育在很多方面将有革命性的变化.作为新生事物,大数据思想政治教育的内涵尚处于不断探索中,其在信息掌握、教育模式、教育主客体、教育介体、教育方法等方面具有鲜明的特征.我国大数据思想政治教育研究存在四大焦点问题:"数据化生存"对思想政治教育实效性产生影响、数据滥用导致伦理困境、现有文化、制度、人才配置需要优化,遭遇技术瓶颈难题等待攻克.当前,理论界对大数据思想政治教育意义、形势及趋势基本达成共识,而大数据思想政治教育内涵及属性的研究需要跟上现实发展,研究范式与方法亟待革命性突破.
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