用于跨音速多级轴流压气机气动性能模拟的准一维程序

摘要

This contribution presents a quasi-1D numerical tool to simulate the performance of transonic multistage axial compressors.This model is based on an adapted version of the Euler equations including source terms to present the interactions of the blade rows and the fluid.The Euler equations are solved at mid-span by a time-marching,finite-volume method.The source terms are determined by the velocity triangles at inlet and outlet of the blade rows.The loss coefficients and deviation angles are estimated by empirical correlations.Two different transonic compressors test cases are applied to validate the current numerical model and the comparison with the experimental data shows the effectiveness and reliability of the model.Although this quasi-1D model offers only a gross simplification of complex 3D phenomena, it only requires simple geometrical inputs and delivers reliable predictions for preliminary design and optimization.%发展了一种能够较为准确预测跨音速多级轴流压气机气动性能的准一维数学模型.该模型基于欧拉方程外加源项的方法,可对多级轴流压气机的气动性能进行数值模拟.方程中的源项用于表示叶片、壁面摩擦以及流道面积变化对气流的影响,可以通过求解叶片排的进出口速度三角形求得.通过对跨音速压气机内部复杂的三维流动现象进行了简化,发展了合适的损失系数和落后角模型用来计算得到叶片排出口参数.对两种不同的多级跨音速压气机进行了数值模拟并与实验结果进行了对比,验证了本模型能够较为准确地模拟出跨音速轴流压气机的气动性能,但计算的精确度还需要根据不同的压气机类型对经验公式的系数进行优化.发展的模型根据压气机简单的几何尺寸就能对其气动性能做出较为准确的预测,这在压气机的预设计以及优化阶段有着重要的指导作用.