大学教师流动与学术职业发展：基于对二战后的考察

摘要

二战后大学教师流动随着学术职业的发展而变得频繁，迁徙模式从战前的因种族、信仰、战乱等原因导致的结构性迁徙转变为教育和经济因素影响的制度性迁徙。全球化加剧了大学教师的流动，许多国家和地区纷纷出台了国际化或本土化的政策来吸引或留住人才。学术资本主义的兴起等使得教学和研究分离的趋势加剧，这导致教师流动性大幅增加、学术职业的主体性缺失等。%With the development of the academic profession,faculty mobility became more frequent-ly after World War II,with structural migration resulting from race,belief,and war before WWII re-placed by institutional migration mainly influenced by educational and economic factors.Globalization has promoted faculty mobility,and thus many countries and regions have introduced international or lo-cal policies to attract and retain talents.The rise of academic capitalism has exacerbated the separation between teaching and research,contributing to the significant increase of faculty mobility and the ero-sion of the principal part of the academic profession.