生物柴油作为化石能源的替代燃料已经在国际上得到认可，以普通动植物为原料制备的第一代生物柴油不仅占用耕地、产油率低，且热值低；而基于催化加氢技术得到的第二代生物柴油尽管性能接近柴油，但一些关键技术还有待突破；产油微藻作为生产生物柴油的原料与其他原料相比具有较大优势，且其生产技术已具有可行性。文章剖析了利用微藻生产生物柴油的优势，阐述了微藻制备生物柴油的技术路线，重点对微藻藻种的筛选与选育、规模化培养、微藻生物质采收、油脂提取、生物柴油的合成及残留生物质开发的研究进展进行分析和论述，并总结了微藻生物柴油技术瓶颈和发展前景。%Biodiesel as alternative fuels of fossil energy has to be recognized in the in word,the first-genera-tion biodiesel which produced by ordinary animals and plants as raw material not only the occupation of cul-tivated land,low oil production rate,and low calorific value;The second-generation biodiesel is based on catalytic hydrogenation technology,the performance close to diesel, but some of the key technologies yet to be breakthrough;Oil-producing microalgae as a raw material for the production of biodiesel has more ad-vantages compared with other materials, and its production technology is feasible. This paper analyzed the advantages of using microalgae for biodiesel and elaborated microalgae biodiesel production technology roadmap, focusing on analysis and discussion the research progress of screening and selection of microal-gae algae species,large-scale training methods,microalgae biomass harvesting,oil extraction,synthesis of biodiesel and residual biomass research and development,and finally summarized the bottlenecks and de-velopment prospects of microalgae biodiesel technology.
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