School of Materials Science and Engineering;
Tianjin University;
Tianjin 300072;
China;
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Joining Technology;
Tianjin 300072;
China;
China National Petroleum Offshore Engineering Co.;
Ltd;
Tianjin 300452;
China;
Pulse; current; flux-cored; arc; welding; Arc; characteristic; Flux; pole; Pulse; current; Metal; transfer; Welding; spatter;