Calcium-independent phospholipase A_2(iPLA_2) belongs to the group VI family of phospholipase superfamily(PLA_2) that catalyses the hydrolysis of glycerophospholipids at the sn-2 ester bond,producing unesterified fatty acids and 2-lysophospholipids.Research interests on iPLA_2 have not been as significant as those on secretary PLA_2 and cytosolic PLA_2.However,more efforts have been made recently on understanding the expression,regulation and biological function of iPLA_2.iPLA_2 plays important roles in several biological processes,including signal transduction,phospholipid remodelling,eicosanoid formation,cell proliferation,cell differentiation and apoptosis.Modulation of iPLA_2activity can have prominent effects on cellular metabolism,central nervous system and cardiovascular functions.Thus,dysregulation iPLA_2 can play a vital role in the pathogenesis of several diseases.The aim of this review is to provide the current understanding of the structure,function and regulation of group VI iPLA_2 and highlight its potential mechanisms of action in mediating several neurological disorders and cancer.
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