分别以淀粉和二氧化锰分别为发泡剂,以硼酸钠为助溶剂,成功制备以赤泥和粉煤灰为主要原料的泡沫陶瓷.研究了淀粉或二氧化锰的含量对泡沫陶瓷中物相、孔形态及理化性能的影响.结果表明,以淀粉或二氧化锰为发泡剂制备的泡沫陶瓷的主晶相分别为Na6(AlSiO4)6和Na8(SiAlO4)6MnO4;扫描电镜观察结果表明,发泡剂含量对泡沫陶瓷中气孔结构的形成起决定性作用;随着发泡剂含量的增加,泡沫陶瓷表现出优良的综合性能:体密度0.59~0.96 g/cm3,气孔率41.82%~63.51%,吸水率3.16%~9.17%,抗压强度4.22~8.38 MPa,抗弯强度2.44~5.82 MPa,耐酸性95.59%~99.60%和耐碱性99.82%~99.99%.所制备的泡沫陶瓷适合用作建筑物的隔热、保温、隔声与防火材料.%Ceramic foams were prepared using red mud and fly ash as raw materials with sodium borate as sintering aid agent, starch and MnO2 as foaming agent, respectively. The influence of the amount of starch or MnO2 on the crystalline phase, pore morphology and physical–chemical porosities was studied. The results showed that the main crystal phases of samples with starch addition and MnO2addition were sodalite phase Na6(AlSiO4)6and Na8(SiAlO4)6MnO4, respectively. The SEM images showed that the variation of porous structure was mainly dominated by the addition of foaming agent. With the increase of foaming agent, the samples exhibited better comprehensive properties: bulk density of 0.59?0.96 g/cm3, porosity of 41.82%?63.51%, water absorption of 3.16%?9.17%, compressive strength of 4.22?8.38 MPa, flexural strength of 2.44?5.82 MPa, acid resistance of 95.59%?99.60%, alkali resistance of 99.82%?99.99%. Based on these properties, the ceramic foams can be used in building field.
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