甘蔗叶鞘在弹性剥叶元件作用下破坏高速摄影分析

摘要

In order to study the damage mechanism of sugarcane leaf sheath under the action of elastic leaf-stripping elements in the leaf-stripping process of whole stalk sugarcane harvester, the sugarcane leaf-stripping machine was designed, and the damage process of the leaf sheath was photographed by highspeed photography. By analyzing the pictures, the result showed that three damage forms, the abscission of leaf sheath from stalk, leaf sheath torn and the separation leaf sheath from stalk were found. The damage mechanism under the action of elastic leaf-stripping elements was analyzed based on the construction of simplified mechanical model and mechanical properties of sugarcane leaf sheath. The elastic force applied on the leaf sheath by elastic leaf-stripping elements was the main force to make the leaf sheath damage. The different damage forms had relations with growth character and mechanical property of leaf sheath. When the moisture content of leaf sheath was less than 20% , the abscission of leaf sheath from stalk was the main damage form. And the moisture content ranged from 20% to 50% , leaf sheath torn happened. Also the moisture content was greater than 50% , the separation leaf sheath from stalk appeared.%为了研究整秆式甘蔗联合收获机剥叶过程甘蔗叶鞘在弹性剥叶元件作用下的破坏机理,研制了甘蔗剥叶试验台,利用高速摄像机拍摄了蔗叶的破坏过程,并对图像进行分析.结果表明,甘蔗叶鞘在弹性剥叶元件作用下的主要破坏形式有叶鞘脱落、叶鞘撕裂和叶鞘与茎秆分离.通过建立弹性剥叶元件作用于叶鞘的简化力学模型,结合叶鞘的力学特性分析了蔗叶在弹性剥叶元件作用下的破坏机理.弹性剥叶元件对叶鞘施加的力是破坏叶鞘的主要作用力.叶鞘不同的破坏形式与叶鞘的生长性状和力学特性有关,含水率低于20％干叶鞘的主要破坏形式为叶鞘脱落,含水率为20％～50％的湿叶鞘的主要破坏形式为叶鞘撕裂,含水率大于50％的青叶鞘的主要破坏形式为叶鞘与茎秆分离.