地面力学参数综合测试系统设计与试验

摘要

为了改进贝氏仪不依赖大型设备时测试范围的局限性和地面力学参数测试手段的分散多样性,设计了一种室内外两用的地面力学参数综合测试系统.测试系统贯入、扭转过程互不干涉,实现测试及数据处理的独立性.可选择电动机驱动或手动驱动.借助丝杠升降机传动,仪器具有较高的运行控制精度和测试量程.系统借助拉线位移传感器和力、扭矩传感器可实时同步获取纵深行进动态信息、土壤承压力和土壤抗剪切力等信息,可实现计算机远程控制和数据采集记录及处理自动化.实验室压实制备湿润砂土,通过剪切盘剪切试验得砂土内聚力为3.14 kPa,内摩擦角为38.2°;通过压板试验得砂土变形指数为0.963,粘聚变形模量为178.73 kN/mn+1,摩擦变形模量为11 908.40 kN/mn+2.试验表明,该仪器具有较高的可靠性和实用性.%Soil compressive strength and shear strength are important problems in the field of agricultural engineering,and vehicle subsidence depth and driving resistance are closely related with soil pressure and shear properties.In order to improve the testing range of bevameter independent of large equipment and solve the dispersion and diversity of test methods about terramechanics parameters,a comprehensive tester of soil pressure,shear and adhesion both indoor and outdoor was designed.Penetration test was independent of torsion process and did not impact relatively,realizing the testing and data processing independently.Choosing the drive motor or manually driven by screw lift transmission,the test instrument can obtain high range and accurate operating control.The system with cable displacement sensor and force torque sensor can take real-time dynamic travel information about soil sinkage depth,soil shear strength,and soil resistance of bearing pressure and other information,realizing the automation of computer remote control and data acquisition and processing.Shearing tests of wet compacted sand got results that soil cohesion was 3.14 kPa,internal friction angle was 38.2°;the plate loading test of wet compacted got results that the sand deformation index was 0.963,the cohesive dcformation modulus was 178.73 kN/mn+1 and friction deformation modulus was 11 908.40 kN/mn+2.The results showed that the comprehensive test instrument provided experimental basis and played a good effect on the research on load subsidence curve and shear stress distribution.Laboratory sand tests showed that the instrument had high reliability and practicability.The instrument met the requirements of test for a large range,multi dimension and unity of terramechanics parameters.