基于生态位适宜度模型和TOPSIS模型的间作模式评价

摘要

Based on niche-fitness model,the suitability to habitat conditions of crops under four patterns was evaluated in order to reveal the optimal intercropping pattern of lettuce.And the four patterns were intercropping of lettuce with Chinese cabbage,radish,pea seedling and coriander,respectively.The niche-fitness values of intercropping patterns of lettuce with Chinese cabbage,radish and pea seedling were higher and closer,which showed that the habitat conditions of the three patterns can meet the needs of crops and the habitat conditions were more suitable for their growth.Then TOPSIS model was used to optimize the evaluation results.The relative approaching degrees of the three intercropping patterns with the ideal scheme were 0.557,0.800 and 0.265,respectively.It was showed that the intercropping pattern of lettuce with radish was relatively close to the ideal scheme,which meant that the intercropping pattern of lettuce with radish was the best pattern among the four intercropping patterns.Considering the actual physiological indexes,it can be drawn that the intercropping pattern of lettuce with radish not only had better effect on the growth of aerosol cultured lettuce,but also had better effect on reducing the nitrate content in lettuce leaves.The combination of niche-fitness model and TOPSIS model had a certain practical significance and it can be used for the optimal selection of different intercropping patterns of lettuce.Limiting factor model was used to analyze,and the results showed that the limiting factor of the intercropping pattern of lettuce with radish was the content of potassium in nutrient solution.The results provided reference for the quantitative analysis of optimization of intercropping patterns.%基于生态位适宜度模型对生菜与小白菜、樱桃萝卜、豌豆苗和香菜间作4种模式下作物对生境条件的适宜程度进行了初步评价,并采用TOPSIS模型对评价结果进行优选,以揭示生菜各间作模式中的最优模式.结果表明:模式1、模式2和模式3的生态位适宜度值较高且较接近,其生境环境较能满足作物的需求,其中,生菜和樱桃萝卜的间作模式与理想方案的相对接近程度最大,即生菜与樱桃萝卜的间作模式为4种模式中最优间作模式.采用生态位适宜度模型和TOPSIS模型对间作模式进行优选的结果与实际栽培效果一致,通过限制因子分析确定生菜和樱桃萝卜间作模式的限制因子为营养液中钾元素含量.