为提高玉米茎秆青贮作业效率、减少作业环节和人工消耗,在现有玉米收获和茎秆青贮机械化技术的基础上,对相应工作单元进行了改进设计和优化组合,开发了4YQK-2型茎秆青贮打捆玉米收获机.它主要由穗茎兼收割台、碎茎秆抛送器、打捆装置、喂料与送绳控制系统等组成,能够同时完成玉米果穗的收获,茎秆收集、切碎、输送、打捆等多项作业,实现了功能集成和运动相位的准确耦合.穗茎兼收割台采用纵向切刀,切碎并抛送茎秆,利用二级搅龙输运碎茎秆,结构简单;喂料与送绳控制系统采用机电一体化技术,可完成对打捆装置喂料与送绳过程的自动控制.试验表明:该收获机工作安全可靠,茎秆切碎、破节及打捆效果理想,能够满足玉米茎秆青贮工艺的要求.%In order to improve straw ensilage efficiency, reduce straw ensilage working links and manual consumption, authors developed 4YQK-2 combine harvester for corn and straw ensilage by optimizing the combination and improving the design of the working units based on existing corn harvest and straw ensilage mechanization technologies. The combine harvester was mainly composed of harvest header for corn and straw, straw blower, baling unit and automatic control system on feed stock and rope-send. It was able to harvest corn ear, meanwhile, the stems were collected, shredded, conveyed and baled, so the aim of function integration and phase coupling were achieved. Harvester for corn and straw utilized vertical cutters to shred stems and throw straw which could be transported by two-stage screw conveyors. Its structure was simple. Automatic control system on feed stock and rope-send adopted electromechanical integration technology to actualize the process control of feeding straw and sending rope. Experiments showed that the combine harvester was able to work safely and reliably, and had perfect effect of shredding, breaking and bundling for stems. It can meet the technical requirements of straw ensilage.
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