河北省沿海经济的快速发展导致滨海土地利用格局快速转变，威胁土地生态安全。针对性核算区域生态系统服务价值，探寻生态安全格局进而优化土地利用格局可为土地利用规划与整治提供决策支持，是保障区域生态安全的必然选择。该文以河北省黄骅市为研究区，利用遥感、气象数据和外业调查数据，采用植被净第一生产力核算生态系统服务价值，借助该价值构建生态安全格局，以生态安全格局为影响因素利用元胞自动机和马尔科夫模型进行不同情境土地利用格局模拟。结果表明：2011年单位面积生态系统服务价值湿地最大，为14.95元/(m2·a)，建设用地最小，为2.44元/(m2·a)；养分循环功能贡献率最大，为26.89%，净化环境功能贡献率最小，为0.22%；研究区分为生态核心保护区、生态缓冲区、生态恢复区和人类活动核心区，生态核心保护区面积最小，为168.58 km2，生态缓冲区面积最大，为1400.33 km2；无生态保护情景与生态安全格局保护情景相比较，生态系统服务价值由94.11亿元上升到95.70亿元，生态核心保护区在生态安全格局保护情景下得到完全保护，新增建设用地为0。该研究方法和结果可为区域土地利用总体规划、城市规划和生态环境保护提供技术支撑和决策参考。%The rapid development of coastal economy in Hebei Province has caused rapid transition of coastal land use pattern, which has threatened land ecological safety. Specifically calculating ecosystem services value (ESV) and constructing ecological security pattern (ESP) and optimizing land use pattern have become an inevitable choice for providing decision support for land use planning and control as well as regional ecological security. Using RS (remote sensing), meteorological and field investigation data, the article chooses the following functions including material production, nutrient cycling, gas regulation, climate regulation, water conservation, environment purification, biodiversity maintenance, and entertainment and culture function, uses CASA (carnegie-ames-stanford approach) model to calculate EV, and then the article takes accumulative resistance model to determine ecological corridors and ecological node in Huanghua City. ESP is constructed, which takes ecosystem services value(ESV) as resistance. At last, taking ESP as one of influencing factors, a study on land use scenario simulation with different constraints has been carried out by the CA (cellular automaton) -Markov model. Two scenarios are no ecological conservation scenario and ESP conservation scenario. The results show that ESV per unit area for wetland is the largest, which is 14.95 Yuan/(m2·a), and that for construction land is the smallest, only 2.44 Yuan/(m2·a). ESV per unit area in different land use types is listed from high to low as follows: wetland, water, garden, cultivated land, grass, other land, saltern, saline land, and construction land. The contribution of nutrient cycling function is the largest, and environment purification function is the smallest. The largest percentage is 26.89%, and the smallest is 0.22%. The order of ESV for different functions from high to low is: nutrient cycling, water conservation, entertainment and culture, material production, biodiversity maintenance, gas regulation, climate regulation, and environment purification function. The ecological corridors and ecological node in Huanghua City are mainly distributed in the river in western areas, and the eastern coastal wetland. The study area can be divided into ecological core protection zone, ecological buffer zone, ecological restoration zone and human activity core zone. The proportion of ecological core zone is the smallest, which is only 168.58 km2, while the proportion of ecological buffer zone is the largest, which is 1 400.33 km2. Ecological restoration zone is 436.58 km2 and human activity core zone is 172.34 km2. Simulation under 2 scenarios is carried out to compare the impact of different land use patterns. No ecological conservation scenario is a continuation of the current trends and involves only limited constraints. The ESP conservation scenario simulation incorporates ESP and basic cultivated land conservation constraints, i.e. the ecological source land and basic cultivated land cannot be changed into construction land. The results indicate that under ESP conservation scenario, the newly increasing construction land declines to 8.90 km2, which is 19.06 km2 under no ecological conservation scenario. In the scenario simulation with ESP conservation, the areas of wetland, water and cultivated land are larger than that under no ecological conservation scenario. ESV rises to 9.57 billion Yuan in the scenario simulation with ESP conservation, and without ecological conservation it is 9.41 billion Yuan. An increase of 0.16 billion Yuan indicates that ESP conservation scenario is more effective to environment protection. Especially within the range of ecological core protection zone, the quantity of newly increasing construction land is zero under ESP conservation scenario, while it is 11.20% without ecological conservation. This method and the results can provide guidances and references not only for general land use planning and city planning, but also for ecological conservation in Huanghua City and other cities.
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