笼型异步电动机径向电磁力波的有限元计算

摘要

In this paper, the field-circuit coupled time-stepping finite element model of squirrel-cage asynchronous motor is presented and the validity is verified by means of the comparison between the stator phase current harmonics of the simulating wave and those of the experiment wave. Air gap flux density is calculated by means of this model and radial electromagnetic force is calculated using the classical Maxwell stress tensor method. Air gap flux density and radial electromagnetic force vary in both space domain and time domain and two dimensional Fourier analysis are carried out to calculate harmonics of those. The influence of the tooth and slot and the slip on flux density and radial electromagnetic force are discussed. The relationship of flux density waves and radial electromagnetic force waves are analyzed. Radial electromagnetic force waves and the testing electromagnetic noise spectra are analyzed and compared and the results verify the effectiveness of the calculation of radial electromagnetic force waves. Radial electromagnetic force and its harmonics calculated by the method can be used to electromagnetic noise analysis in the design stage.%建立笼型异步电动机的场路耦合时步有限元模型,通过定子相电流仿真波形和实测波形的谐波比较验证有效性。基于该模型计算气隙磁通密度,进而利用经典的Maxwell应力张量法计算径向电磁力。气隙磁通密度和径向电磁力均随空间和时间变化,利用二维傅里叶分析分别求解它们的谐波;并探讨齿槽和转差率对磁通密度和径向电磁力的影响,以及磁通密度波和径向电磁力波之间的关系。将径向电磁力波和实测电磁噪声频谱进行了分析和对比,结果表明径向电磁力波的计算是合理有效的。利用本文方法计算的径向电磁力及其谐波可应用于在设计阶段对电磁噪声的分析。