考虑环境因素和电压稳定性的多目标最优潮流

摘要

A mathematical model for multi-objective optimal power flow considering environmental factor and voltage stability is formulated.Minimizing the fuel cost,emission of atmospheric pollutants and maximizing the static voltage stability margin are considered as objective functions.Since undesirable protective relay operation plays a major role in voltage collapse,operation margin of zone 3 impedance relay constraint is included in the model.A novel two-stage approach incorporating multi-objective optimization and decision support is designed to solve the problem.At the first stage,a self-adaptive multi-objective differential evolution algorithm is proposed to obtain the Pareto front.At the second stage,fuzzy C-means algorithm is applied first to classify the Pareto optimal solutions into several clusters with similar properties.Then,within each cluster,the super-efficiency data envelopment analysis is performed,by comparing the relative efficiency of those solutions,to help the decision makers to extract the effective compromise solutions.The numerical results on IEEE 118-bus system demonstrate the reasonableness of the proposed model and effectiveness of the developed approach.%建立了综合考虑环境因素和电压稳定性的多目标最优潮流模型。模型中将减少发电成本、污染气体排放量和提高静态电压稳定裕度作为子目标函数;由于继电保护误动是引起电压崩溃的重要因素,模型中计及了线路距离Ⅲ段保护动作裕度约束。设计了包含多目标优化和辅助决策的两阶段法对模型进行求解。在优化阶段,提出一种自适应多目标差分进化算法来获取Pareto前沿;在决策阶段,首先利用模糊C均值算法对Pareto最优集进行聚类,进而在每一类中应用超效率数据包络分析法评估各决策方案的相对效率,以帮助运行人员提取出有效折中解。IEEE 118节点系统算例结果验证了模型的合理性和解法的有效性。