不同烟草品种上烟蚜的繁殖特征分析

摘要

为了明确河南省烟田烟蚜[Myzus persicae(Sulzer)]生长繁殖的最适烟草寄主,分析了不同烟草品种个体发育及烟蚜在不同烟草品种上的生长发育历期、存活率和繁殖力等,获得了净增殖率、周限增长率、内禀增长率、平均世代周期、种群加倍时间等生命表参数,并比较了不同烟草品种上烟蚜的扩繁量和平均产仔量.结果显示,18个烟草品种中许金4号、长脖黄2248、竖把2129、螺丝头2474、大柳叶2013、大白筋599和NC89的成苗时间最短,约46 d,庆胜2号和革新1号成苗时间最长,约60 d;若蚜历期在长脖黄2248上最长(7.91 d),大竖把2141上最短(5.91 d);成虫生殖期在革新3号、中烟100、Y106、大柳叶2012和竖把2129上均大于12.00 d;世代历期在革新3号上最长(24.60 d),大白筋599上最短(12.42 d),大白筋2505、长脖黄2248、革新1号、竖把2129、螺丝头2474和大柳叶2013上接近平均值,均为20 d左右;单头烟蚜总产仔量为庆胜2号＞螺丝头2474＞中烟100＞竖把2129＞竖把2135,且均＞40头,其他烟草品种上单头烟蚜总平均产仔量均小于40头;大柳叶2012、大竖把2141、庆胜2号、竖把2129、螺丝头2474、竖把2135及中烟100内禀增长率rm高于其他供试烟草品种,表明相同条件下烟蚜偏好取食大柳叶2012、大竖把2141、庆胜2号、竖把2129、竖把2135、螺丝头2474和中烟100烟草品种;但大柳叶2012、大竖把2141、庆胜2号和竖把2135上烟蚜的繁殖量较少.可见,在18个供试烟草品种中,烟草竖把2129和螺丝头2474最适于烟蚜的扩繁.%To investigate the optimal tobacco host of Myzus persicae (Sulzer), its individual development on different tobacco varieties and the developmental duration, population survival rate and fecundity of M. persicae were analyzed. The life table parameters such as net reproductive rate (R0), finite increase rate ( λ ), intrinsic increase rate (rm), mean generation time (T), population doubling time (t) were obtained, and the propagation quantity and the average reproduction of M. persicae on different tobacco varieties were compared. The results showed that Xujin 4, Changbohuang 2248, Shuba 2129, Luositou 2474, Daliuye 2013, Dabaijin 599 and NC89 had the shortest seedling time (about 46 d). Qingsheng 2 and Gexin 1 had the longest seedling time (about 60d). The developmental duration of nymph was the longest and the shortest on Changbohuang 2248 (7.91 d) and Dashuba 2141 (5.91 d), respectively. The generative phases of adult M. Persicae on Gexin 3, Zhongyan 100,Y106, Daliuye 2012 and Shuba 2129 were more than 12.00 d. The generation durations of Gexin 3 and Dabaijin 599 were the longest (24.60 d) and the shortest (12.42 d), respectively. The generation durations of Dabaijin 2505, Changbohuang 2248, Gexin 1, Shuba 2129, Luositou 2474 and Daliuye 2013 were around the average value (about 20 d). The reproduction quantity of single M. persicae on different hosts was Qingsheng 2>Luositou 2474>Zhongyan 100>Shuba 2129>Shuba 2135>40, and that of the other tobacco varieties was less than 40. The rm of M. persicae in Daliuye 2012, Dashuba 2141, Qingsheng 2, Shuba 2129, Luositou 2474, Shuba 2135 and Zhongyan 100 was higher than that of the other tobacco varieties. In conclusion, with otherwise identical conditions, M. persicae preferred feeding on Daliuye 2012, Dashuba 2141, Qingsheng 2, Shuba 2129, Shuba 2135, Luositou 2474 and Zhongyan 100. However, the propagation quantities of M. persicae on Daliuye 2012, Dashuba 2141, Qingsheng 2 and Shuba 2135 were less. Therefore, Shuba 2129 and Luositou 2474 are most suitable for the propagation of M. persicae among the 18 tobacco varieties studied.