天津市2006—2013年学校突发公共卫生事件流行病学分析

摘要

目的 分析天津市2006—2013年学校突发公共卫生事件的流行特征,为提高学校相关事件的应急处置能力提供依据.方法 收集天津市2006—2013年报告的突发公共卫生事件,采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析.结果 2006—2013年共报告学校突发公共卫生事件267起,累计发病10 382例,死亡1例.其中传染病事件257起,占96.25%.事件主要发生在小学和托幼机构;3—6月和10—12月为事件发生的高峰期;发病数居前3位的病种分别为流行性感冒(2 360例)、水痘(2 032例)和流行性腮腺炎(1 813例).突发公共卫生事件持续时间与首例发病至报告时间间隔呈正相关(rs=0.522,P＜0.05).结论 近几年学校突发公共卫生事件呈高发态势,主要发生在农村地区托幼机构和小学,及时发现并处置突发公共卫生事件可以减少事件产生的危害.%Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of reported emergency public health events at schools from 2006 to 2013, and provide a scientific basis for better disposal of school-related events. Methods The reported emergency public health events at schools in Tianjin from 2006 to 2013 were collected, and descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on data. Results A total of 267 reported emergency public health events at school in Tianjin during 2006-2013, of which 257 infectious disease events, accounting for 96.25%. The incident occurred in primary schools and nurseries. The peak was from March to June and October to December for the incident. The top three species of disease onset were influenza (2 360 cases), chicken pox (2 032 cases) and mumps (1 813 cases). There was a correlation between the duration and interval from onset of the first case to report of emergency public health events(rs=0.522,P＜0.05). Conclusion In recent years, school public health emergency events are high momentum, mainly in rural areas, primary schools and nurseries. Timely detection and disposal of emergency public health events can reduce the harm generated by them.