下颈椎椎弓根螺钉是颈椎生物力学上最稳定的内固定，能有效恢复颈椎矢状序列、提供坚强内固定及更高融合率。由于下颈椎椎弓根、椎动脉及神经根等结构存在较大的个体差异，术前评估应个体化。下颈椎椎弓根螺钉的置钉技术包括徒手置钉和近年来发展的计算机导航辅助置钉技术。尽管与椎弓根螺钉相关的神经血管并发症不能完全避免，但只要进行充分的术前个性化评估和术中精准的置钉技术，就可将神经血管并发症降至最低。下颈椎椎弓根螺钉内固定技术已经应用于治疗各种颈椎疾患，并发症少，临床疗效良好，具有广泛的临床应用价值。%Pedicle screw fixation is biomechanically most reliable for reconstruction of the cervical spine, which can ef⁃fectively restore cervical sagittal profiles, provide rigid fixation and higher fusion rate. Because of the large individual differ⁃ences in cervical pedicle, vertebral artery and nerve root, preoperative evaluation should be individualized. Cervical pedicle screw techniques include freehand technique and the computer-assisted navigation technology developed recently. Although complications associated with cervical pedicle screw fixation cannot be completely obviated, they can be minimized by com⁃bination of sufficient preoperative imaging studies of the pedicles and meticulous surgical techniques of screw placement. Cervical pedicle screw fixation techniques have been used in the treatment of various cervical disorders, with fewer complica⁃tions and good clinical efficacy, and a wide range of clinical applications.
展开▼
