瑕疵股权转让的合同解释——兼评《公司法》新司法解释的相关规定

摘要

Defective equities are very common in corporate law juridical practice, which is not easy to be found by relative party and may lead to many complex judicial disputes. There ars 3 reasons for this： 1/It will be unfair for the 3rd party transferees with goodwill if ask them to fulfill the obligation of complementing the capital. However, if such obligation be exempted the capital element for company＇s continuing will disappear. 2/there may be fraud and great misunderstanding in the process of defective equity transfer but random can- celling would also do harm to transfer. How to balance the interests between 3rd party transferees with good will and related parties of corporate on basis of keeping corporate＇s stability. This paper from the point of con- tractual law and under the analyzing of certain relevant judicial interpretation and draft version for advice of judicial interpretation make his own explanation and combing.%瑕疵股权在我国目前公司实践中十分常见，交易时相对人并不易发现交易标的的权利瑕疵，由此引起的司法纠纷纷繁且复杂。其一，善意受让股权的第三人如需承担资本充实义务不甚公平，但如免除充实义务，又会伤及公司存续的资本基础。其二，瑕疵股权转让合同可能存在欺诈和重大误解等影响合同效力的因素，但是任意的予以撤销又会损害交易安全。在维持公司稳定的基础上，如何平衡善意受让瑕疵股权的第三人与公司相关利害关系人的利益，本文试图从合同法的角度作出梳理与解释，并对相关司法解释及其征求意见稿进行评析。