土地利用变化对景观格局和生态环境状况的影响

摘要

By analyzing the relationship between temporal and spatial changes of land use/cover with landscape pattern and eco-environmental status was found that:The largest area of forest-land and cultivated-land transformation to artificial-land. In addition to the CONTAG index, and the other landscape indices of landscape level were showed an increasing trend. On the type level, the NP index, PD index and ED index of cultivated land, forest land, water area, land use and unused land were showed an increasing trend, but the CONNECT index of cultivated land, water area, land use and unused land showed a decreasing trend. The EIB value, EIV value and EIR value showed the rising trend. The highest EI value were distributed in Ecological Conservation Development Zone in Northeast Chongqing and Ecological Protection Development Zone in Southeast Chongqing. During the study period, the landscape pattern tends to be complex, degree of fragmentation is enhanced, the whole connectivity of has increased, the overall ecological environment condition showing an improving trend. The results of the study show that, the changes of landscape pattern and ecological environment has associated with something, such as urban development policy, urban expansion mode and environmental pollution control.%通过分析土地利用/覆盖时空变化与景观格局和生态环境状况之间的关系发现：林地和耕地转为人工用地的面积最大；景观层面，除CONTAG指数外，其他指数均呈增加趋势；类型层面，耕地、林地、水域、人工用地和未利用地的NP指数、PD指数和ED指数均呈上升趋势，耕地、水域、人工用地和未利用地的CONNECT指数呈现下降趋势；EIB 值、EIV值和EIR 值表现出上升趋势。研究期间，景观格局趋于复杂，破碎化程度加剧，整体连通性有所增加，整体生态环境状况呈改善趋势。研究结果表明，区域内景观格局和生态环境状况变化与重庆市城市发展政策、城市扩张方式、环境污染治理情况等密切相关。