明清戏曲中的“武科举”及其文学意蕴

摘要

明清戏曲中的武科举，情节不如文科举情节数量多，艺术地位也不如文科举重要。这主要是古代重文轻武观念影响的结果，也有一些武举人士口碑欠佳的原因。明清戏曲中的武科举描写，有的以武科举人物构建故事主体框架，有的武科举人物则是充当配角，成为双线结构作品中的副线，或单线结构作品中的陪衬。明清戏曲创作中的武科举描写采用了移植、增饰、捏合等手法，因此，具有丰富的艺术意味。%There are some Ming and Qing dramas which relevant with military examination plots have always been ignored by ac-ademic circles.The situation of military examination plots or characters generally less than civil examination description , the reason include the impact of elevating the civilization and debasing the military in history and some military examination candidates got bad reputation in society.There are several kinds of description formula with military examination in Ming and Qing dramas: act as main description object;as support character or subline in plots .Moreover, there are “transplant”, “embellishment ” and “concoction”writing techniques which have abundant artistic meanings with military examination plots in Ming and Qing dramas .